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MIRACLES
OF THE PROPHETS AS ALLUSIONS TO SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS
In the name of God, the
Merciful, the Compassionate.
Not a thing, fresh
or withered, wet or dry, but it is in a Manifest Book.
(6:59)
According to one
interpretation, the Manifest Book is the Qur’an. This verse states that
everything, wet or dry, is found in it. Is that really so? Yes, everything is
found in it, but everyone cannot see that everything therein as the things are
found at different levels. The Qur’an contains all things, either in the form
of seeds, or of nuclei, or of summaries, or principles, or signs, and they are
found either explicitly or implicitly, or allusively, or vaguely, or
suggestively. One or other of these forms is preferred according to occasion, in
a way fitting for the purposes of the Qur’an and in connection with the
requirements of the context. For example:
How does the Qur’an
allude to scientific and technological wonders?
As the result of man’s
progress in science and industry, some scientific and technological wonders such
as planes, electricity, motor vehicles, and means of radio and telecommunication
have come into existence and taken the most prominent position in the material
life of mankind. As it addresses the whole of mankind [at all times], the wise
Qur’an certainly does not ignore these. Indeed, it has not ignored them and
points to them in two ways:
For example:
Down with the
makers of the trench of the fuel-fed fire! When they sat by it, and were
themselves the witnesses of what they did to the believers. They
ill-treated them for no other reason than that they believed in God, the
Mighty, the All-Praised One.
(85:4-8)
Likewise,
... in the
loaded fleet. And We have created for them the like thereof whereon they
ride. (36:41-2)
Verses like these point
to trains, while the following verse, besides having many other meanings and
connotations, alludes to electricity:
God is the light of
the heavens and the earth. The parable of His light is as a niche wherein
is a lamp, The lamp is in a glass. The glass is as it were a shining star.
Kindled from a blessed tree, an olive, neither of the East or of the West,
whose oil would almost glow forth (of it self) though no fire touched it:
Light upon light .1
God guides to His Light whom He wills. (24:35)
Since numerous people
have occupied themselves with the second sort of verses, those which allude to
modern technological wonders in connection with historical events, and since
they require much care and detailed explanation, and are in great number, for
the present I shall content myself with these verses that allude to trains and
electricity.
God made
Prophets also the masters and forerunners of material progress
As God Almighty sent the
Prophets to human communities as leaders and vanguards in respect of spiritual
and moral progress, so also He endowed them with certain wonders and miracles
and made them the masters and forerunners with respect to man’s material
progress. He commands men to follow them absolutely.
Thus, just as by speaking
of the spiritual and moral perfections of the Prophets, the Qur’an encourages
people to benefit from them, so too in presenting their miracles it intends that
people should try to achieve the like of them by scientific means. It may even
be said that like spiritual and moral attainments, material attainments and
wonders were also first given to mankind as a gift through Prophetic miracles.
The Prophet Noah, upon him be peace, was the first to build ships, and Joseph,
upon him be peace, the clock. Therefore, the ship and clock were first given to
mankind as Prophetic miracles. It is a meaningful indication to this reality
that so many craft guilds take a Prophet as the ‘patron’ or originator of
their craft. For example, seamen take Noah, watchmakers take Joseph, tailors
take Enoch, upon them be peace, and so on.
Since truth-seeking
scholars and the science of eloquence have agreed that each of the Qur’an’s
verses contains guidance and instruction, then the verses concerning the
miracles of the Prophets, the most brilliant among the Qur’an’s verses,
should not be taken as historical events; rather, they comprise numerous
indications of guidance. By mentioning the miracles of the Prophets, the Qur’an
shows the ultimate goal of scientific and technological developments, and
specifies their final aims. It urges man forward toward those aims. Just as the
past is the field for the seeds of the future and mirror to its potential
picture, so too the future is the time to reap the harvest of the past life and
mirror to the actual situation. Now, out of many examples, I shall point out
only a few:
Examples of verses
alluding to scientific progress through miracles of the Prophets
Traveling by air
The verse,
And to Solomon (We
subjugated) the wind: its morning stride was a month’s journey and the
evening stride was
a month’s journey.
(34:12)
which expresses the
subjugation of the wind to Solomon as one of his miracles, says: ‘The Prophet
Solomon covered the distance of two months walk in two strides by flying through
the air.’ By this it suggests that the road is open for mankind to cover the
same distance in the air. ‘So, O mankind! Since the road is open to you,
attain this level and do so!’
Almighty God also means
by this verse:
O man! A servant of
mine did not obey his carnal desires, and I mounted him on the air. If you
give up laziness and benefit properly from certain of My laws in nature,
you too can mount it.
Inventing
a device to obtain water
The verse,
When Moses asked
for water for his people, We said: ‘Strike the rock with your staff.’
Then gushed forth therefrom twelve springs (so that) each tribe knew their
drinking place’, (2:60)
indicates that it is
quite possible to benefit with simple tools from the treasuries of Mercy under
the earth. In places hard as rock even, the water for life may be drawn with so
simple a device as a staff. Thus, through this meaning, the verse says to man,
‘You can find the finest blessing of Mercy, the water for life, with a
staff-like device. Therefore, come on, work and find it!’
Through this verse, God
Almighty suggests:
O
man! Since I gave to a servant of Mine who relied on Me such a staff that
he draws with it the water for life from wherever he wishes, you too can
obtain a device resembling it provided you rely on My laws of Mercy. So,
come and do so!
One of the important
results of the scientific developments which mankind have achieved is the
invention of devices with which water is caused to well up from most of the
places where they are applied. The verse points to further goals and limits
beyond that, just as the previous one specified further attainments far ahead of
today’s planes.
The
farthest point in medical developments
The verse,
I heal him who was
born blind, and the leper, and I raise the dead by God’s leave,
(2:60)
concerning a miracle of
Jesus, upon him be peace, alludes to and encourages the highest level of healing
with which the Lord endowed him. It suggests:
It is possible to
find cures for even the most chronic ailments. Therefore, O man! O
calamity-stricken sons of Adam! Do not despair! Whatever the ailment, its
cure is possible. Search for it and you will find it. It is even possible
to give a temporary tinge of life to death.
By the verse God Almighty
means:
O man! To a servant
of Mine who renounced the world for My sake, I gave two gifts, one the
remedy for spiritual ailments, the other the cure for physical sicknesses.
Dead hearts were quickened through the light of guidance, and ill people
who were as though dead found health through his breath and cure. You too
may find the cure for all illnesses in My ‘pharmacy’ in nature where I
attached to each thing many important purposes. Work and find it! You will
certainly find if you seek it!
Thus, this verse marks
the final point of medical developments, a point far ahead of the present level,
and urges man towards it.
Using
iron and copper in industry and extracting minerals
The verses,
We made the iron
supple for him. (34:10),
and, We gave him wisdom and sound judgment in speech and decision.
(38:20)
which are about David,
upon him be peace, and,
We caused the fount
of copper to gush forth with him.
(34:12)
which is about Solomon,
upon him be peace, indicate that the softening of iron is one of the greatest
bounties of God, through which He shows the virtue of a great Prophet of His.
Softening of iron, that is, making it soft like dough, and smelting copper, and
extracting minerals is the origin and source, and basis of all material
industries. So, the verses state:
Softening iron,
making it like dough and fine like a thread, and smelting the copper are a
great bounty granted to two great Prophets who ruled in a part of the
world according to God’s commandments, and they are the means to most
general industries.’ Since God endowed a Prophet who was both a
Messenger and a Caliph, that is, one who was both a spiritual and worldly
leader, with wise speech and craftsmanship and industry, He urges people
to speak wisely and encourages them toward craftsmanship and industry.
By these verses, God
Almighty also suggests:
O sons of Adam! I
gave such wisdom to the tongue and heart of one of My servants who obeyed
My religious commandments that he judged of and distinguished between all
things with perfect clarity and discerned the truth. Also, I endowed him
with such skill that he could cast iron into whatever mould he wished, and
make use of it as an important source of strength for his rule. Since this
is possible, and since iron is of great significance for, and you are in
much need of it in, your social life, that wisdom and skill will be
bestowed on you provided you obey My commands of creation, My laws of
nature. In the course of time you will attain it!
By softening iron and
smelting copper, man has achieved great progress in industry, and great power in
material terms. These verses direct man’s attention towards this truth, and
just as much as they warned the people of former times who did not appreciate
how important it was, so too they warn those lazy people of the present.
The
ultimate point in the transmission of images and sounds
The verse,
One with whom was
knowledge of the Book said: ‘I will bring it to you before your gaze
returns to you (in the twinkling of an eye).’ When Solomon saw it set in
his presence ... (27:40)
describes this wonderful
event: In order to procure the transport of the throne of the Queen of Saba, one
of Solomon’s ministers who was well versed in the transport of things said:
‘I’ll have the throne here in your presence in the twinkling of an eye.’
The verse suggests that it is possible to transport things over long distances,
either bodily or in their images. In fact, God Almighty bestowed this on
Solomon, upon him be peace, who was honored with kingship as well as Divine
Messengership, as a miracle so that, in order to maintain his infallibility and
justice he might personally be informed of all the regions of his extensive
realm and see the conditions of his subjects and hear of their troubles. That
means, if man relies on Almighty God, and appeals to Him in the tongue of his
potentials as Solomon did in the tongue of his infallibility, and if he acts in
conformity with His laws in the universe and with what attracts His favor, the
world may become like a town for him. While the throne of the queen was in the
Yemen, it was seen in Damascus either bodily or in image. For sure, the forms of
the men around the throne were also seen and their voices heard. The verse
points in a splendid fashion to the transport of forms and transmission of
sounds over long distances, and in effect says:
O rulers! If you
wish to realize perfect justice, try to see and know your realm in all its
details, as Solomon did. For, only by rising to the level of being
informed whenever he wishes about every part of his realm, may a just
ruler who cherishes his subjects be saved from being held accountable, and
may realize perfect justice.
God Almighty means by
this verse:
O sons of Adam! I
bestowed on a servant of Mine a vast realm, and in order that he might
realize perfect justice throughout it, I allowed him to know personally of
its state and of everything that was happening there. Since I have created
every individual with a capacity to rule according to My commands, I have
also given him, as a requirement of My Wisdom, the potential to scan the
face of the whole earth and comprehend whatever is in it. If every
individual does not succeed in attaining to that point, as a species
mankind may realize it. If, however, they do not achieve it physically,
they can do it, like the saints, in spiritual terms. Therefore, you may
benefit from this great blessing. Come on, let Me see you do it! On
condition you do not neglect your duties of worship, strive in such a way
that you may turn the face of the earth into a garden every part of which
you may see, and the sounds from every corner of which you may hear!
Heed the decree of the
Most Merciful in the verse,
He it is Who has
made the earth subservient to you, so walk in the paths thereof and eat of
His providence. Unto Him is the resurrection (of the dead).
(67:15)
Thus, the verse mentioned
above about Solomon marks the ultimate point in the transmission of images and
sounds, which constitutes one of the latest and most significant developments in
science and technology, and encourages men towards that furthest point.
Employing jinn, devils
and evil spirits
The verses,
Others linked
together in chains, (38:38)
and, Of the evil ones were some who dived for him, and did other work.
(21:82)
which state that Solomon,
upon him be peace, made the jinn, devils, and evil spirits obedient to him,
succeeding in preventing their evil and employing them in beneficial work, say:
The jinn, who are
conscious beings and the most important inhabitants of the earth next to
men, may serve man. Contact may be made with them. Devils too may be made
to give up enmity and to serve willingly or unwillingly. God Almighty made
them subservient to a servant of His who was obedient to His commands.
These verses imply:
O man! I made the
jinn, and devils, including their most evil ones, obedient to a servant of
Mine, who obeyed Me. If you submit yourself to My commands, most of the
creatures, including even jinn and devils, may be subjugated to you.
Thus, these verses mark
the ultimate point in occult or supernatural sciences dealing with paranormal
events like spiritism, the attraction of spirits, and communication with the
jinn, which have appeared as a blend of art and science and out of the
extraordinary material and spiritual sensitivity of man. These verses urge man
not, as happens nowadays, to be subjugated to the jinn, devils, and evil
spirits, who sometimes call themselves the spirits of the dead, and to become
their plaything, and a laughing-stock, but to subjugate and employ them through
the Qur’an, and be saved from their evil.
Attraction
of spirits or communication with the spirits of the dead
These verses, as
well as certain others like
Then We sent to her
Our spirit and it assumed for her the form of a perfect man .
(19:17)
point, besides the
attraction of spirits, to the fact that spirit beings may assume visible forms.
However, what the Qur’an alludes to here is not modern necromancy, which some
so-called ‘civilized’ people practice by communication by magic with evil
spirits who introduce themselves as spirits of the dead. Rather, it is as
certain kinds of saints (like Muhy al-Din ibn al-’Arabi) who, for a serious
reason, communicate with good spirits whenever they want, make contact with them
and form a relation with them, and by going to their abodes and to a degree
drawing near to their atmosphere, benefit from their spirituality.
Invention of
cassette-recorders and players and communication with animals
The verses,
We subdued the
hills to hymn the praises (of their Lord) with him at nightfall and after
sunrise. (38:18); and, O
you mountains! Echo His psalms of praise! and you birds! And We made the
iron supple for him. (34:10); and, We have been taught the language
of birds. (27:16)
which are about David’s
miracles, point out that Almighty God gave to the glorifications of David, upon
him be peace, such a strength and a tone so resonant and pleasing that they
brought the mountains to ecstasy, which, each like a huge gramophone or a man,
formed a circle against the horizon around the chief reciter-David-and repeated
the glorifications. Is this possible and a reality?
Yes, it is reality. Every
mountain with caves can speak to man in human language like a parrot. For if you
declare before a mountain, ‘All praise be to God,’ the mountain will echo it
back. Since God Almighty has granted this ability to mountains, for sure it can
be developed.
Since God endowed the
Prophet David, upon him be peace, with both Messengership and Caliphate on the
earth in exceptional form, He made this seed of ability flourish as a miracle in
due measure with that comprehensive Messengership and magnificent sovereignty
such that great mountains followed him, in the manner of soldiers, or students,
or disciples, and under his direction and in his tongue, they declared the
glorifications of the All-Majestic Creator. Whatever David, upon him be peace,
uttered, they repeated. At present, due to the means of communication being
multiplied and developed, a great commander can get a large army dispersed
through the mountains to repeat his declaration of ‘God is the greatest!’
all together at the same time, and make the mountains speak and ring with the
words. Now if an ordinary commander can make the mountains ring with the words
of those present in them, for sure, a magnificent commander of Almighty God can
get them actually to utter and recite God’s glorifications. Besides this, as I
explained earlier in this book, each mountain has a collective personality and
corporate identity, and offers glorifications and worship particular to itself.
This means that just as every mountain recites glorifications in the tongue of
men by way of echoing, so too it glorifies the All-Majestic Creator in its own
particular tongue.
The sentences,
We have been taught
the tongues of birds,
(27:16) and, The birds assembled, (38:19)
point out that Almighty
God bestowed on David and Solomon, upon them be peace, knowledge of the
languages of the bird species, and of the tongues of their abilities, that is,
of what they would be useful for. Since this is a reality, since the face of the
earth is a laden table of the Most Merciful One, which He has set up in honor of
man, most of the other animals and birds, which benefit from that table, may
have been subjugated to man to serve him. God has put to work some of the
smallest animals like the honeybee and silkworm, and employs them through the
guidance of His special inspiration in a way that greatly benefits man. Also, by
enabling man to use pigeons in various tasks and make certain birds like parrots
speak, He has added to the beauties of human civilization. Similarly, if the
ways of making use of other birds and animals are discovered, among them are
many species which may be employed for important tasks just as domestic animals
are employed.
For example, if the
languages of starlings are known, which destroy locusts without eating them, and
their movements can be arranged and regulated, they can be employed against
plagues of locusts; what a valuable service they would render free of charge!
Thus, the verses mentioned show the ultimate point in subjugating birds and
benefiting from them, and in making lifeless beings speak like a telephone or a
gramophone, and, by specifying the farthest aim in this field, the verses urge
man toward it.
By the same verses, God
Almighty indicates:
O men! In order
that his infallibility as a Prophet and his justice as a sovereign might
not be damaged even to the slightest degree, I subjugated to one of your
fellow men, who was totally submitted to Me, the huge creatures in My
Kingdom and made them speak, and I put most of My troops and animals in
his service. Likewise, since I have entrusted to each of you the Supreme
Trust2 from the bearing of which the heavens, earth, and
mountains held back, and endowed you with the potential to become My
vicegerent-one who will rule on the earth according to My commands-you
should yield to the One in Whose hand are the reins of all creatures, so
that the creatures in His Kingdom may yield also to you, and you may use
them in the Name of the One Who holds their reins, and rise to a position
worthy of your potential.
Since this is the
reality, then rather than playing on the gramophone or record-players and other
musical apparatus, harmful and obscene pieces, playing with pigeons, and being
occupied with useless things like wasting time in making parrots speak, try for
a most agreeable, elevated and sacred sort of amusement, that the mountains may
function as huge gramophones for you as for David, and at the touching of the
breeze the tunes of Divine praises and glorifications may reach your ears from
the trees and plants, and the mountains may manifest themselves as wonderful
creatures that recite Divine glorifications in thousands of tongues, and most
birds may turn to be each an intimate friend or an obedient servant, like
Solomon’s hoopoe. They may both entertain you and drive you with zeal towards
the perfections and attainments of which you are capable, and not cause you to
fall from the position required by your humanity, as vain amusements do.
Invention
of fridges
In the verse,
We said: ‘O fire!
Be coolness and peace for Abraham.’
(21:69)
which is about one of
Abraham’s miracles, there are three subtle indications:
Like every
element in nature, fire does not act on its own and blindly, rather it
performs a duty under a command. It did not burn the Prophet Abraham, upon
him be peace, for God commanded it not to burn him.
There is a
degree of heat which burns through coldness. That is, it has an effect
like burning. Through the word ‘Be peace!’,3 God Almighty
commanded the cold: ‘Like heat, do not burn him either!’ That is,
through its coldness, fire at that degree produces an effect like burning.
It is both fire, and, at the same time, cold. As science accepts it, there
is a degree of fire called ‘white heat’, which does not radiate its
heat to its surroundings; instead, attracting the heat around it to
itself, it causes the surrounding area to become cold enough to freeze
liquids like water, and in effect burns them through its cold. (It may be
noted here, incidentally, that there must surely be in Hell, which
contains all the degrees and sorts of fire, this intense cold.)
Just as there is
an immaterial substance like belief, and an armor like Islam, which will
remove the effects of Hellfire and protect against it, so too there must
be a physical substance which will protect against it, which will prevent
the effects of worldly fire. For, as is required by His Name, the
All-Wise, and since this world is the abode of wisdom, [the abode where
everything takes place for a definite purpose and usually according to
cause and effect] God Almighty acts behind the veil of cause and effect.
Therefore, the fire did not burn Abraham’s body, nor did it burn his
garments, He gave them a state which resisted fire. Thus, the verse
suggests:
O nation of
Abraham! Be like Abraham, so that your garments may be your guard against
the fire, your greatest enemy, both here and there, the other world. Coat
your spirit with belief, and it will be your armor against Hellfire.
Likewise, there are certain substances which Almighty God has treasured in
the earth for you. They will protect you from the evil of fire. Search for
them, extract them, and coat yourselves with them!
As an important step in
his progress, mankind has discovered a substance, out of which he has made a
coat which fire does not burn. However, see how elevated, fine, and beautiful a
garment this verse points to, which will be woven on the loom of hanifan
Musliman (purity of belief in and submission to God), and which will not be
rent for all eternity.
Teaching
Adam the Names implies the ultimate points and final goals of human attainment
and progress
Also, the verse,
He taught Adam the
names, all of them. (2:31)
states that, as his
greatest miracle in the cause of supreme vicegerency, Adam, upon him be peace,
was taught the names. While the miracles of other Prophets each point to a
certain particular wonder in the course of scientific and technological
progress, the miracle of Adam, upon him be peace, who was the father of all the
Prophets and the Opening of the Office of Prophethood, alludes almost explicitly
to the ultimate points and final goals of all human attainment and progress.
By this verse, God
Almighty suggests:
O sons of Adam! By
way of proof of his superiority over the angels in the issue of
vicegerencey, I taught your father all the Names.4 Being his
sons and the inheritors of his abilities, you should learn all the Names
and show your worthiness of that superiority before all other creatures in
the universe, such that vast creatures like the earth are made obedient to
you. Come on, step forward, hold on to one of My Names and rise!
Nevertheless, your father was deceived by Satan once and for all, and
temporarily fell to the earth from an abode like the Garden. Beware! do
not follow Satan in your progress and make it the means of falling from
the heavens of Divine Wisdom into the misguidance of attributing
creativity to nature or real effect to cause and effect in the creation
and operation of nature. Raise your head and, studying My Beautiful Names,
make the sciences and your progress steps by which to ascend to those
heavens. Then you may rise to My Names of Lordship, which are the essences
and sources of your sciences and attainments, and through the telescope of
those Names, you may look to your Lord with your hearts.
1. The sentence, whose
oil would almost glow forth (of itself) though no fire touched it: Light upon
light, makes the allusion clearer.
2. The Supreme Trust is
man’s ego or human identity formed of, or endowed and distinguished with, free
will, knowledge, intellect and speech.
3. An interpreter of the
Qur’an remarks: ‘If He had not said, “Be peace!”, it would have burnt
him with its coldness.’
4. The Names taught to
Adam, upon him be peace, are the names of things or the keys to all human
knowledge or the Divine Names, in the manifestation of each of which a branch of
science originates. For example, medicine has its source in the Name, the
All-Healing, engineering in the Names, the All-Determiner and the Giver of
Certain Measure.
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